This report is one of nine assessments examining the interlinkages between plastic pollution and biodiversity loss. The assessments map where plastic pollution has the greatest ecological impact, explore the economic and social interdependencies driving both pressures, and identify solutions across the plastics value chain. Each report reviews existing policy frameworks and provides actionable recommendations to address both biodiversity loss and plastic pollution while advancing circular economy approaches. The assessments were developed with contributions from a wide range of stakeholders, including government, industry, recyclers, academia and civil society.